O Frabjous Day!

Booting Alpine on a Very Old iMac 8,1

Thu, 30 Nov 2023 23:47:18 +1100

I’ve tried a few times without success to boot Alpine Linux images on very old Intel Macs. Following the standard instructions, I download the ISO, then image it directly to a USB flash drive. Using this process, the standard x86_64 image boots fine on my more recent MacBook Pro 11,2, but crashes the bootloader on older Macs. (I’ve also confirmed it crashes the bootloader on a 2010 model MacBook.)

Recently, I installed Alpine on an original Raspberry Pi, and I noticed that the instructions were a bit different. Instead of flashing an ISO image, I had to create a blank FAT 32 disk, and copy the files into, rather than copying a disk image. I wondered if this process would make any difference to the boot process on my old iMac. Turns out it does! It booted successfully first try!

Steps

On my Mac, reformat the USB drive as FAT 32, with a Master Boot Record partition table. I’m not sure how necessary it is to configure it with Master Boot Record, but that’s what I did.
On a Linux PC, download the Alpine x86_64 standard ISO, and mount it. Then copy the files to the USB. NOTE: Copy, from the mounted image, don’t flash the ISO. (This needs to be done on Linux so we can mount the ISO, as Mac won’t be able to mount a Linux ISO.)
Reboot holding the Option key to enter the bootloader, select the USB disk, and boot!

Cross-compiling unrtf for Android Termux

Wed, 12 Jul 2023 23:20:00 +1000

Recently I received some RTF files via email. I wanted to read them on my phone, but I didn’t have any apps installed which understood RTF. I thought it would be nice to have a tool in Termux which would dump nicely formatted RTF to the terminal. At first I thought I might write something to do this myself, but then I discovered unrtf.

unrtf will read an RTF file and can output plaintext or html, among other formats. This sounded like exactly what I was looking for. However, it was not available in the Termux repositories. Never fear! I’ll build it from source I thought. However, I couldn’t install clang on in Termux because my phone didn’t have enough storage space.

This brought me to cross-compiling, which I haven’t done much (any?) of before. I started to look into cross compiling with clang, which might have worked, but then I remembered reading an article about how zig cc could be used for cross-compiling. I also learnt that zig has a built-in musl libc, and supports multiple target architectures out of the box.

It took me a bit of time to figure out the correct invocation to run the build, but it ended up quite simple:

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/unrtf/unrtf-0.21.10.tar.gz
tar -xf unrtf-0.21.10.tar.gz
cd unrtf-0.21.10
./configure CC="zig cc -target arm-linux-musleabi -D_GNU_SOURCE" --host=arm-linux-musleabi
make

After this, I had a 32 bit arm unrtf binary on my computer at src/unrtf. I created an archive containing this and the outputs/ directory and copied it to my phone. (The outputs directory is required, and must be specified when running unrtf if it is not installed to the standard location.) I then ran the executable as follows, which by default outputs HTML to stdout:

unrtf -P outputs file.rtf

Finally, I piped the output to the lynx CLI browser:

unrtf -P outputs file.rtf | lynx -stdin

This produced very readable output!

Missing Microphone on MX Linux 21.3 on iMac 8,1

Mon, 03 Jul 2023 22:17:00 +1000

This is a quick one. I installed MX Linux 21.3 on an old iMac 8,1 for use as a general purpose living room PC. It’s mainly used for streaming videos and music. However, sometimes it would be nice to use it for Skype. It’s got a built-in webcam which worked out of the box, but for some reason the microphone was not detected.

Strangely, I could record audio using arecord as root (sudo su), but not as a regular user. (sudo arecord didn’t work either.) Although the audio recorded as root was very crackly.

After chasing a bunch of dead-ends, I found the answer on the Arch Linux wiki: Microphone not detected by PulseAudio (This is becoming a bit of a theme for this blog.)

The solution was exactly as described in the link above, but I’ll record it here for posterity (copied from the Arch wiki, loosely edited):

Determine the card and device number of your mic:
$ arecord -l
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 2: ALC889A Alt Analog [ALC889A Alt Analog]
Subdevices: 2/2
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
Subdevice #1: subdevice #1
Choose a device and specify it in hw:CARD,DEVICE notation. In this case, the first device is represented as hw:0,0.

Edit /etc/pulse/default.pa and insert a load-module line specifying your device as follows:
load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:0,0
# This line should be somewhere before the line
.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
Restart pulseaudio to apply the new settings:
pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio -D

After this, the microphone appeared in PulseAudio Volume Control. I also selected the ‘Set as fallback’ option in PulseAudio Volumne Control.

After this, arecord worked without root, and Skype could find the microphone! And the recorded audio was crystal clear, which was an improvement over the crackly audio when recording as root.

Almost Mac-like touchpad scrolling in Firefox and Thunderbird on Ubuntu 22.04

Tue, 01 Nov 2022 02:33:00 +1100

Some time ago, I spent some time trying to configure scrolling in Firefox on Ubuntu 20.04. At the time I discovered Pavel Fatin’s recommendation to launch Firefox with the environment variable MOZ_USE_XINPUT2=1 set. This was a good start, but scroll acceleration was still wonky, and kinetic scrolling was non-existant.

Recently, I updated to Ubuntu 22.04 on Wayland, and discovered a couple of about:config tweaks which render the previous workaround redundant, and result in a much closer approximation of Mac-like scrolling, including both smooth scrolling and kinetic (inertial) scrolling. The one missing feature is a hold gesture to instantly stop the inertial scrolling, but a quick scroll in the opposite direction works almost as well.

There is one caveat: This only works in the traditional .deb package version of Firefox. If you’re using snaps, you can have the smooth scrolling, but not the kinetic scrolling. :(

Show me the configs already!

Make sure you’re using the .deb version of Firefox. (Instructions adapted from OMGUbuntu:

 sudo snap remove firefox
 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa

 echo '
 Package: *
 Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
 Pin-Priority: 1001
 ' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla-firefox

 distro_codename=$(grep UBUNTU_CODENAME /etc/os-release | cut -d = -f 2)

 echo 'Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins:: "LP-PPA-mozillateam:${distro_codename}";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/51unattended-upgrades-firefox

Go to about:config in Firefox and enable the following options:
- apz.gtk.kinetic_scroll.enabled=true
- apz.overscroll.enabled=true
- And… one more setting that I don’t recall, because Firefox restarted when I installed the deb version, and I lost all my recent tabs! It was something that encouraged Firefox to use the built-in GTK scrolling, rather than reinventing the (scroll)wheel. I think it might have been:
  apz.gtk.pangesture.enabled=true

And… I think that’s it! If three-finger drag gets implemented in libinput, I’ll be running out of excuses for staying on Mac!

Update 2022-11-22:

The following tweaks make it even better:

general.smoothScroll.mouseWheel.durationMaxMS=500
general.smoothScroll.mouseWheel.durationMinMS=250
mousewheel.acceleration.start=1
mousewheel.default.delta_multiplier_x=10
mousewheel.default.delta_multiplier_y=10
mousewheel.default.delta_multiplier_z=10

Thanks to Nitesh Kumar from Linux Hint for the general.smoothScroll.mouseWheel.duration* suggested values.

Thunderbird

You can also set most of these tweaks in Thunderbird using the Config Editor.

Jailbreak an iPhone 3G running iOS 4.2.1 in 2021

Sun, 11 Jul 2021 23:28:00 +1000

“And some things that should not have been forgotten were lost. History became legend. Legend became myth. And for two and a half thousand years, the ring passed out of all knowledge.” ― Galadriel in The Fellowship of the Ring

Big thanks to Lace Querux from the LegacyJailbreak community on Discord for patiently guiding me through the steps below. Also check out r/LegacyJailbreak on reddit.

The biggest challenge for legacy jailbreaking is that many of the old sources no longer exist. It’s also hard to know exactly which version of which tool to use for your device just by searching the internet. The aim of this post is to document the process in 2021 for an iPhone 3G running 4.2.1, and to include some hopefully long-lasting Internet Archive links to everything you need.

Downloads

Note: I’ve included working Internet Archive links below in an attempt to future-proof this post. However, you should also be able to get everything you need from the LegacyJailbreak Mega site.

You’ll need redsn0w. Version 0.9.6b4 is recommended. Why this particular version?

I think the future versions have USB communication issues with first gen devices. Or at least ones after the redesign might (0.9.9, where it doesn’t ask you for an IPSW whilst giving you more options). 0.9.6b4 is just a sure fire version, considering it came out with iOS 4.2.1 support in mind — Lace Querux, LegacyJailbreak Discord

Here’s an Internet Archive link to an OS X Daily article about redsn0w 0.9.6b4. And here are the Internet Archive versions of the links within that article to the redsn0w downloads:

You’ll also need the iOS IPSW file for your specific device and version. At the moment, the best place to find this is the IPSW Downloads site, which provides a friendly user interface, and provides official Apple links to IPSW files.

Alternatively, here is the direct Apple link for the iPhone 3G iOS 4.2.1 IPSW.

Jailbreak

In theory, you should be able to do this from either Mac or Windows. In practice, I couldn’t get it to work on my Mac. This could possibly be because my Mac has USB 3, and I have heard rumours that this causes issues. Instead, I got it working on my wife’s Windows laptop using her USB 2 port.

In theory, all you need to do now is launch redsn0w and follow the instructions. In practice, I had a bit of trouble getting into DFU mode. (More on that later…)

Browse and select the IPSW file.
Select that you want to install Cydia. (I chose not to select any of the other options to keep things simple)
Follow the instructions in redsn0w to put the device in DFU mode.
redsn0w detects the device in DFU mode, jailbreaks it and installs Cydia.

Unfortunately, my power and home buttons are not 100%, and my phone kept either just rebooting, or entering recovery mode. (Recovery mode is when your phone has a picture of the iTunes logo on the screen. DFU is a black screen, but it’s still detected by redsn0w and iTunes.)

Thankfully, Lace Querux was able to give me some tips, so here’s what worked for me to get the device in DFU mode.

First get the device into recovery mode.
- Start with the device connected to the computer and turned off.
- Press the power button to start the device booting.
- As soon as the device starts booting, release the power button and hold the home button until you see the iTunes logo on the screen.
Now that the device is in recovery mode, follow the steps in redsn0w for entering DFU, but skip the first step:
1. Don’t do anything for step 1 where is says to just hold down the power button.
2. Hold down the home and power buttons together for the number of seconds specified in redsn0w (10 seconds)
3. Keep holding the home button, but release the power button for the number of seconds specified in redsn0w (15 seconds)

At this point, redsn0w should detect that your device is in recovery mode and start the jailbreak! Just sit back and watch the progress bars.

However, on my Mac I got to this point and it got stuck. redsn0w detected the device in recovery mode, progress bars progressed on screen, but nothing happened on the device, and redsn0w got stuck “waiting for the device to reboot”. This is where I switched to my wife’s Windows computer and used her USB 2 port.

This time it worked! A pineapple and a progress bar appeared on the iPhone screen and it’s jailbreaked!

Twitch chat on original iPad in 2021

Mon, 05 Jul 2021 21:00:00 +1000

NOTE: The following is almost certainly the WRONG way to do this. The right way is almost certainly to install Theos and create a custom Theos based Makefile to link everything together. (I’ll probably try to do this next)

Aim

To get the Twitch chat to appear on the screen of my brother’s original iPad.

Obstacles

iOS 5.1.1 is the latest version of iOS which runs on the original iPad. It was released in 2012. In 2021, this is what Twitch looks like in Safari on iOS 5.1.1:

Safari just doesn’t know what to do with the modern web.

Background

Twitch has an IRC interface.
You can easily jailbreak the original iPad with the Absinthe jailbreak.
You can get iOS Terminal from the BigBoss Cydia repo.
rirc is an open source Terminal IRC client written in C.

Plan

Could we get a terminal based IRC client running in the iOS Terminal on a jailbroken iPad? And if so, could we connect it to Twitch to get the Twitch chat?

Spoilers: YES.

Method

Note: I’m going to assume you know some basic things about a *nix terminal environment, such as navigating to different directories, running commands, etc. If not, there are plenty of tutorials waiting for you!

Add some essential Cydia repos:
- Karen’s Repo (Needed to install AppSync Unified)
- Sam Bingner’s Repo (Needed for Theos dependencies)
- BigBoss (Should be pre-installed with Cydia) (Needed for a bunch of things)
Install iOS Terminal, iOS Toolchain and Theos Dependencies from BigBoss to get the basics installed.
Install AppSync Unified from Karen’s repo. (Required to run apps which don’t have a valid Apple signature)
Get a copy of the iOS 5.1 SDK. (I extracted it from a copy of Xcode 4.3.1 which I downloaded from the Apple Developer portal using a free developer account. But there are also copies floating around on other websites.) It’s apparently possible to build for the original iPad using newer SDKs, but I wasn’t sure, so I went with the 5.1 SDK.
Copy the iOS 5.1 SDK to the iPad. I just zipped it and ran a local http server on my laptop with python3 -m http.server, then connected the iPad to it and downloaded the SDK. Then in the iOS Terminal I unzipped it with unzip the-name-of-the-sdk.zip.
Download the rirc source code. This is complicated by the fact that GitHub has dropped support for TLS 1.1, and so far as I can tell, iOS 5.1.1 doesn’t have great support for TLS 1.2, which is the minimum required to talk to GitHub. There are a couple of options. The secure way is to download the code onto your computer, and then share it to the iPad (e.g. using the python server method above.) The lazy way is to use an unencrypted connection to GitHub. GitHub automatically redirects HTTP to HTTPS, but you can still get an unencrypted connection by swapping to the git protocal. So, instead of
```
git clone https://github.com/rcr/rirc.git
```
you would use
```
git clone git://github.com/rcr/rirc.git
```
This will be unencrypted, which is bad for security, but should still work perfectly on iOS 5.
Patch the Makefiles. Someone really needs to make a tweak for old iOS versions to upgrade them to TLS 1.3. But until then, we’re going to keep hitting those TLS errors whenever we try to access modern secure sites. There is a Makefile in lib/mbedtls.Makefile which tries to download a compressed file from GitHub using HTTPS. The smart thing to do would be to download the file ourselves and transfer it to the iPad, then patch the Makefile to look for the file in a local directory. The lazy way is to temporarily host the file on our trusty python3 -m http.server, and swap out the link in the Makefile. Here’s a very minimal diff:
```
-MBEDTLS_URL := https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls/archive/v$(MBEDTLS_VER).tar.gz
+MBEDTLS_URL := http://10.1.1.2:8000/mbedtls-2.25.0.tar.gz
```
While we’re at it, we’re going to need to strip out the SHA hash checks, because shasum didn’t want to work at all. Here’s another very minimal diff:
```
-       @eval $(MBEDTLS_SHA_FILE)
-       @eval $(MBEDTLS_SHA_CHECK)
+       #@eval $(MBEDTLS_SHA_FILE)
+       #@eval $(MBEDTLS_SHA_CHECK)

-ifneq ($(shell command -v shasum 2>/dev/null),)
-MBEDTLS_SHA_FILE  := 'echo "$(MBEDTLS_VER_SHA)  $(MBEDTLS_TAR)" > $(MBEDTLS_SHA)'
-MBEDTLS_SHA_CHECK := 'shasum -c $(MBEDTLS_SHA)'
-endif
+#ifneq ($(shell command -v shasum 2>/dev/null),)
+#MBEDTLS_SHA_FILE  := 'echo "$(MBEDTLS_VER_SHA)  $(MBEDTLS_TAR)" > $(MBEDTLS_SHA)'
+#MBEDTLS_SHA_CHECK := 'shasum -c $(MBEDTLS_SHA)'
+#endif
```
Once again, this is terrible for security, but if you’re motivated you can run these checks on your computer before you send the file to the iPad.

Copy the iOS SDK dylibs to where the build system expects to find them. Note that I’m using $THEOS paths here, but you should be able to adapt this to wherever path you’ve saved the SDK:

# switch to super user (root)
su
# create a symlink to the dylibs in the SDK.
# You could probably just copy instead of linking, but linking worked fine.
ln -s /var/mobile/theos/sdks/iPhoneOS5.1.sdk/usr/lib/system/* /usr/lib/system/
# switch back to regular user
exit

BUILD THE THING!
Assuming you’ve done all of the above, and I haven’t missed any steps, you should be able to build rirc by simply running the following in the rirc directory:
```
CC=clang CFLAGS=-I/var/mobile/theos/sdks/iPhoneOS5.1.sdk/usr/include LDFLAGS=-L/var/mobile/theos/sdks/iPhoneOS5.1.sdk/usr/lib/  make
```
You’ll get a bunch of warnings, because we’re building with a very outdated version of clang, but hopefully no errors. After a few seconds, you should end up with a shiny new ./rirc executable.
Fake sign the executable.
If you try to run ./rirc now, you’ll get a killed: 9 error. This is because the iPad is unhappy that you’re running an unsigned app. Assuming you’ve installed AppSync Unified (see step 1), you just need to fake sign the executable. To do this, just run the following:
```
ldid -S rirc
```
Now you should be good to go! Try connecting to Libera Chat (or your favourite IRC server):
```
./rirc -s irc.libera.chat -p 6697
```
To join a channel, type /join #channel-name. You can use this to connect to Twitch chat over IRC. Just use the rirc command from my previous post

Some images:

Twitch chat in rirc command-line IRC client

Mon, 05 Jul 2021 01:00:00 +1000

Today I got the Twitch chat running using the rirc command-line IRC client.

Here are the steps so I remember next time I want to do this…

Build rirc The generic instructions are on the rirc website. But I had some mac specific issues which are only solved in the dev branch as of this post. So, for me I needed to do the following:
- Clone the dev branch of rirc from GitHub:
```
git clone git@github.com:rcr/rirc.git # The dev branch is currently the default branch
cd rirc
```
- Build:
```
make
```
- I didn’t want to install it to the system, so I didn’t run make install.
Connect to Twitch over IRC using rirc
- Use this link to get an authentication token. Twitch IRC uses this instead of a password.
- Assuming you are still in the directory where you built rirc, there should be an executable called rirc. Run the following command, replacing <authentication_token> with the token you got in the previous step, and <username> with your Twitch username:
```
./rirc -s irc.chat.twitch.tv -p 6697 -w <authentication_token> -n <username>
```
  If it’s working, you should see something like this:
Join your desired channel
- IRC commands are prepended by a forward slash (/). IRC channels are prepended by a hash (#). So for example, to join the channel bandersaur, you would type the following IRC command:
```
/join #bandersaur
```
  If it worked, you should see something like:
  
  If it’s working you should now be able to send and receive messages!

Ratio of age in the limit

Fri, 04 Sep 2020 07:22:00 +1000

Have you ever noticed that for any two people with different ages, you can always figure out a moment in time when the younger person was exactly half the age of the older person?

Let’s say that you are $18$ and your friend is $23$, so there is a $5$ year difference in your ages. Then, when you were $5$, your friend was $10$, so that was the moment when the ratio of your ages was exactly half.

Does this work for all age differences?

Let the initial age of the younger person be $0$, and the age of the older person be $a$. Then, at any time $t$ after this, the age of the younger person is $0 + t$ and the age of the older person is $a + t$.

Hence the ratio of the ages of the two people at any time $t$ is

\[ \frac{0 + t}{a + t}. \]

Let’s look at what happens when we substitute different values for $t$. We will also let $a = 5$ to say that the second person is $5$ years older than the first. If we let $t = 0$ , then

\frac{0 + 0}{5 + 0} = 0

Note: If you are viewing this in Chrome and you can’t see the fraction, you need to enable MathML by pasting chrome://flags/#enable-experimental-web-platform-features into the address bar, enabling Experimental Web Platform features, and restarting Chrome.

The graph above plots the ratio of the two ages over time. As you move the slider, you can see that as time approaches infinity, the ratio of the two ages approaches 1.

(NOTE: The graph is very glitchy if you move the slider quickly, and it doesn’t undo the plot when you slide back to the left. However, I’ve procrastinated publishing this post for three years because I haven’t been motivated to create a proper minimal plotting library for it, so I’m just publishing it as-is…)

We can also prove this mathematically using the concept of a limit:

\begin{array}{l} \lim_{t \to \infty} \frac{t}{a + t} & = \lim_{t \to \infty} \frac{t / t}{a / t + t / t} \\ = \lim_{t \to \infty} \frac{1}{a / t + 1} \\ = \lim_{t \to \infty} \frac{1}{0 + 1} \\ = 1 \end{array}

Troubleshooting Ubuntu 20.04 on a 2014 MacBook Pro 11,2

Mon, 27 Apr 2020 06:19:00 +1000

I recently installed Ubuntu 20.04 on my mid 2014 MacBook Pro 11,2. Most things worked out of the box, but there were a few things which required tweaking. The following post records these tweaks. The most useful sources for this post were the Arch wiki pages, specifically the MacBookPro11,x page and the general Mac page.

My first impression of Ubuntu 20.04 was that it was extremely slow. It was slow to login, slow to launch applications, slow to scroll in Firefox, slow to register keyboard input. My second impression was that my laptop was much hotter than usual. After resolving these issues, I realised that the webcam was also non-functional. Additionally, audio playback through my Bluetooth speaker was stuttery. Fortunately, all these issues can be resolved!

Problem 1: High laptop temperature

Firstly, we need to install a better fan control daemon to get the CPU temperature under control. There are two options here:

I installed mbpfan which appears to be more actively maintained:

sudo apt install mbpfan

Problem 2: High CPU usage

Secondly, we need fix the high CPU usage. According to top, the process kworker was consistently using more than 50% of one of the CPU cores. htop appears to hide kernel processes by default, so it’s easier just to use top here. Searching this issue led to a section of the Arch wiki Mac page helpfully titled kworker using high CPU. According to the wiki, this is ‘sometimes the result of runaway ACPI interrupts’. This appears to be generally true for the MacBook Pro 11,2. To check if an ACPI interrupt is causing problems, run the following:

grep . -r /sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/

Look for an interrupt with hundreds of thousands of interrupts. For a MacBook Pro 11,2, it’s probably gpe06. (Don’t be fooled by gpe_all; I’m pretty sure it includes the total number of interrupts from all the numbered gpexx, including gpe06.)

On my system, I found the following output:

/sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/gpe06:38821921

Check that this is the problem by manually disabling it (you might need to use sudo):

echo "disable" > /sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/gpe06

Checking top, you should notice that CPU usage has dropped to somewhere close to 2%. You should also notice that that entire system is rapidly becoming more responsive.

If disabling gpe06 resolved the issue, we need to make sure that it permanently disabled. Some have suggested creating a systemd script or a cron job to run the command above on boot. However, the official solution is to add the following kernel boot parameter to grub:

acpi_mask_gpe=0x06

For example, I edited the file /etc/default/grub and added acpi_mask_gpe=0x06 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_mask_gpe=0x06"

Apparently you can also just add it to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX. Don’t forget to update grub with the new settings by running:

update-grub

Problem 3. WebCam doesn’t work

The MacBook Pro 11,2 has a Broadcom 1570 720p FaceTime HD Camera. There is no official kernel support for this device, nor are there any official drivers available. However, there is a third party reverse engineered driver called bcwc_pcie. I followed the installation instructions on the wiki, but initially I encountered a known issue where /dev/video is not created. Strangely, after following some steps involving insmod everything worked. I’m not sure whether simply adding facetimehd to /etc/modules and restarting would have worked too.

Problem 4. Bluetooth audio stutters

I was able to connect to my bluetooth speaker without issue, but audio playback stuttered so much that it was unusable. After looking at a few possible fixes, the simplest was to install Pulseaudio Volume Control, and change the the latency offset to 45 ms.

Problem 5. Fix smooth scrolling in Firefox

After fixing all of the above, scrolling in Firefox was still the opposite of smooth. The solution is to force Firefox to use the high-precision touchpad events available in XInput 2.1 as described in Pavel Fatin’s blog post Scrolling with pleasure. You need to ensure that Firefox launches with the environment variable MOZ_USE_XINPUT2=1 set. For me, the simplest way to do this was to add the following line to ~/.profile, then logout and login again:

export MOZ_USE_XINPUT2=1

After this, Firefox will scroll like you’re using a touchpad, not a scrollwheel with discrete clickpoints! (Still not quite as good as scrolling on Mac, but it’s a start!)

LineageOS Setup

Fri, 18 Oct 2019 20:06:00 +1100

This post details the particulars of my LineageOS setup for future reference.

System

I am running a fairly standard install of LineageOS. Specifically, I followed the wiki instructions for the Motorola Moto G 2014. I also installed a minimal set of Google apps from OpenGapps as described on the wiki.

In the future, I would probably try LineageOS for microG instead, in order to further reduce my dependence on Google services.

Apps

There are many benefits to running a Google-free, or Google-lite system. I chose LineageOS in the hope of dramatically decreasing tracking. I also chose it because I wanted to replace the default Google apps with smaller, more focussed open source apps. The main source of tracker-free open source apps is F-Droid.

I have slowly worked to transition away from Google apps or Play store apps. The following represents the current state of this transition (in alphabetical order). Footnotes describe any caveats or issues I have found with the transition app. If there are no footnotes assume the app works well with minimal surprises or issues.

Calendar → Simple Calendar¹
Camera → Default LineageOS app
Chrome → Fennec F-Droid (Firefox for Android)
Contacts → Default LineageOS app
Drawing → Simple Draw Pro
Ebook reader → Book Reader²
Email → K-9 Mail
File Synchronisation → Syncthing
Google Authenticator → andOTP
Maps → OSMAnd
Messages → Signal³
Music → Default LineageOS app
Notes → Markor
Office document viewer → LibreOffice Viewer⁴
OpenStreetMap editor → Vespucci
OpenStreetMap quests → StreetComplete
PDF viewer → MuPDF mini
PGP Keychain → OpenKeychain
Password manager → KeePass DX
Periodic Table → Elementary
Phone → Default LineageOS app
Play Store → F-Droid⁵
Podcasts → AntennaPod
RSS Reader → Feeder⁶
Screen recorder → ScreenCam
Steam Guard 2FA → Steam is currently not compatible with TOTP 2FA, so there are no alternatives to the Steam app at the moment.⁷
Task List → Simpletask
Terminal → Termux
TripView → No replacement found so far!⁸
Twilight red screen app → Red Moon
YouTube app → NewPipe⁹
YouVersion Bible App → And Bible¹⁰

Benefits

Footnotes

I also use DAVx5 to connect the calendar app to a CalDAV server. ↩
There are a number of other good ebook reading options, such as Librera PRO, FBReader and KOReader. ↩
Signal is not available in F-Droid. To avoid the Play store, I sideload the APK directly from the Signal website, and verify the signing certificate by opening it in ClassyShark3xodus before installing. ↩
To be honest LibreOffice Viewer is quite terrible. It is very slow, and document editing is currently ‘experimental’. But it’s currently the only option for reading office documents on F-Droid. ↩
I have currently retained the play store app on my device, as there are a number of apps for which I have not yet found replacements. If I move to a completely Google-free system in the future, I will need to use something like Yalp to access Play store apps, or give up Play store apps completely. (Yalp violates the Play store terms of service.) ↩
There are many many RSS reading options. Just search RSS on F-Droid. I chose Feeder because you don’t need to create an account anywhere. It manages all the feeds locally on your device. ↩
Steam are considering support for third party authenticators, but it is not currently available. ↩
Transportr is the closest alternative to TripView I could find. However, it doesn’t appear to work offline, which is a deal-breaker for me. The NSW Government publishes the timetables here if you want to fill this gap! ↩
Watch YouTube in an app without trackers! ↩
There are several Bible apps in F-Droid, but they don’t have any of the popular modern translations (NIV, ESV, Holman, etc). I plan to switch back to a paper Bible once I finish my current reading plan on YouVersion, with the World English Bible in And Bible as a backup. ↩